Sufism Wikipedia. Sufism or Taawwuf1 Arabic sect personal noun fiyy f, mutaawwf, which is often defined as Islamicmysticism,2 the inward dimension of Islam,34 or the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam,56 is a mystical trend in Islam characterized. Islamic history5 and represented the main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization of mystical practice in Islam. Although the overwhelming majority of Sufis, both pre modern and modern, were and are adherents of Sunni Islam, there also developed certain strands of Sufi practice within the ambit of Shia Islam during the late medieval period. Practitioners of Sufism have been referred to as Sufis Arabic plurals fiyyah fiyyn mutaawwfah mutaawwfn, an Arabic word which is believed by historians to have originally indicated the woolen clothes f or rough garb worn by the early Islamic mystics. Historically, they have often belonged to different uruq or orderscongregations formed around a grand master referred to as a mawla who traces a direct chain of teachers back to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. These orders meet for spiritual sessions majalis in meeting places known as zawiyas, khanqahs, or tekke. They strive for ihsan perfection of worship as detailed in a hadith Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him if you cant see Him, surely He sees you. Rumi stated The Sufi is hanging on to Muhammad, like Abu Bakr. Sufis regard Muhammad as al Insn al Kmil, the primary perfect man who exemplifies the morality of God, and regard Muhammad as their leader and prime spiritual guide. All Sufi orders trace many of their original precepts from Muhammad through his son in law Ali with the notable exception of the Naqshbandi, who claim to trace their origins from Muhammad through the first Rashid Caliph, Abu Bakr. Escort Console Pro Software'>Escort Console Pro Software. As the orders are majorly Sunni, most of them follow one of the four madhhabs jurisprudential schools of thought of Sunni Islam and maintain a Sunni aqidah creed. JPG' alt='Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' title='Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' />Sufis were characterized by their asceticism, especially by their attachment to dhikr, the practice of remembrance of God, often performed after prayers. They gained adherents among a number of Muslims as a reaction against the worldliness of the early Umayyad Caliphate 6. Arabic before spreading into Persian, Turkish, and Urdu among dozens of other languages. According to William Chittick, In a broad sense, Sufism can be described as the interiorization, and intensification of Islamic faith and practice. TerminologyeditThe term Sufism came into being, not by Islamic texts or Sufis themselves but by British Orientalists who wanted to create an artificial divide between what they found attractive in Islamic civilization i. Islamic spirituality and the negative stereotypes that were present in Britain about Islam. These British orientalists, therefore, fabricated a divide that was previously non existent. The term Sufism has, however, persisted especially in the Western world ever since. Historically, Muslims have used the originally Arabic word taawwuf to identify the practice of Sufis. Mainstream scholars of Islam define Tasawwuf or Sufism as the name for the inner or esoteric dimension of Islam2. Muhyidin Abd alQadir alJilani alHasani WalHusaini Persian, Arabic, Turkish. Terminology. The term Sufism came into being, not by Islamic texts or Sufis themselves but by British Orientalists who wanted to create an artificial divide between. Fidget Spinner is a toy. Small child is used for entertainment purpose. Islam, such as Sharia. In this view, it is absolutely necessary to be a Muslim to be a true Sufi, because Sufisms methods are inoperative without Muslim affiliation. However, Islamic scholars themselves are not by any means in agreement about the meaning of the word sufi. Accelerator Manager Ultimate Crack here. Sufis themselves claim that Tasawwuf is an aspect of Islam similar to Sharia,1 inseparable from Islam and an integral part of Islamic belief and practice. Classical Sufi scholars have defined Tasawwuf as a science whose objective is the reparation of the heart and turning it away from all else but God. Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' title='Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' />Traditional Sufis such as Bayazid Bastami, Rumi, Haji Bektash Veli, Junayd of Baghdad, and Al Ghazali, define Sufism as purely based upon the tenets of Islam and the teachings of Muhammad. EtymologyeditThe original meaning of sufi seems to have been one who wears wool f, and Encyclopaedia of Islam calls other etymological hypotheses untenable. Drill Marching Manual'>Drill Marching Manual. Woollen clothes were traditionally associated with ascetics and mystics. Al Qushayri and Ibn Khaldun both rejected all possibilities other than f on linguistic grounds. Another explanation traces the lexical root of the word to af, which in Arabic means purity. These two explanations were combined by the Sufi al Rudhabari d. AH, who said, The Sufi is the one who wears wool on top of purity. Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' title='Secret Of The Secrets By Sheikh Al Qadir Jilani Pdf' />Others have suggested that the word comes from the term ahl a uffah the people of the bench, who were a group of impoverished companions of Muhammad who held regular gatherings of dhikr. These men and women who sat at al Masjid an Nabawi are considered by some to be the first Sufis. HistoryeditOriginseditAli is considered to be the Father of Sufism in Islam. Sufi orders are based on the bayah bayah, mubyaah pledge of allegiance that was given to Muhammad by his ahabah. By pledging allegiance to Muhammad, the Sahabah had committed themselves to the service of God. According to Islamic belief, by pledging allegiance to Muhammad, the Sahabah have pledged allegiance to God. Verily, those who give Baih pledge to you O Muhammad they are giving Baih pledge to Allh. The Hand of Allh is over their hands. Then whosoever breaks his pledge, breaks it only to his own harm, and whosoever fulfils what he has covenanted with Allh, He will bestow on him a great reward. Translation of Quran, 4. Sufis believe that by giving bayah pledging allegiance to a legitimate Sufi shaykh, one is pledging allegiance to Muhammad and therefore a spiritual connection between the seeker and Muhammad is established. It is through Muhammad that Sufis aim to learn about, understand and connect with God. Ali is regarded as one of the major figures amongst the Sahaba who have directly pledged allegiance to Muhammad and Sufis maintain that through Ali, knowledge about Muhammad and a connection with Muhammad may be attained. Such a concept may be understood by the hadith, which Sufis regard to be authentic, in which Muhammad said, I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate. Eminent Sufis such as Ali Hujwiri refer to Ali as having a very high ranking in Tasawwuf. Furthermore, Junayd of Baghdad regarded Ali as sheikh of the principals and practices of Tasawwuf. Practitioners of Sufism hold that in its early stages of development Sufism effectively referred to nothing more than the internalization of Islam. According to one perspective, it is directly from the Quran, constantly recited, meditated, and experienced, that Sufism proceeded, in its origin and its development. Other practitioners have held that Sufism is the strict emulation of the way of Muhammad, through which the hearts connection to the Divine is strengthened. Modern academics and scholars have rejected early orientalist theories asserting a non Islamic origin of Sufism,4. The consensus is that it emerged in Western Asia.